Techshore Institute Blogs about Best Technical and Management Courses: Quality Assurance

Showing posts with label Quality Assurance. Show all posts

Monday, April 3, 2017

TECHSHORE INSPECTION SERVICES :Procedure of magnetic particle testing

SURFACE PREPARATION

The surface should be prepared in the initial step in such a way that the material surface should be grinded or machined which may mask the defects due to them. the adjacent areas and also the inspection areas should be made dry and free from lint, oil, dirt and dust which may disturb the examination. Cleaning can be conducted by several methods such as organic solvent cleaning, acid cleaning, etching cleaning etc.

TEMPERATURE CHECKING

Maintain the temperature on the test material to be inspected as 5-52 degree Celsius

APPLICATION OF IRON PARTICLE

The particles are available in dry and wet format. the dry powder usually stored in a holder is dusted off at the metal surface to provide a thin layer, any excess powder at the surface may be blowed off using a blower. The wet particles are applied by spray mode. both the particles either dry or wet are applied when the material is being magnetized.

VERIFICATION OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD

The field which is being applied is to be verified using a field indicator or a pie gauge.pie gauge made-up of steel has a total thickness of 3.25mm with a copper coating on one side, where as on the other side several lines each of a depth 0.8mm can be seen.pie gauge can be used to check the field strength and sensitivity of the magnetic field. yoke is placed parallel to any of the lines on the indicator on which the magnetic particles are dusted. then the yoke is activated and it distributes magnetic field in the indicator, then the powder is blown off. then if the powders are accumulated on the lines except the line parallel to which the yoke is placed the field direction could be confirmed and clearly defined lines of particles defines the sensitivity.

MAGNETIZING CURRENT

AC or DC current is used to spread the magnetic field

CALIBRATION

Ac or Dc mode is to be calibrated before inspection.AC mode is calibrated by placing the yoke on an iron block which weighs about 4.5 kg and lifting up and for DC mode by placing the yoke on the same block but weighing about 18.1kg and lifting up.

DIRECTION OF THE APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD

Magnetic field is applied on the specimen .test material should be inspected in two ways yoke in such a way that the second time inspection should be totally perpendicular to the first, so that no defects are missed.

INSPECTION AND INDICATION

The defects on the specimen are to be examined and filtered according to the customer requirements.

EVALUATION

Identified defects should be examined under the acceptance standards of the applicable code section.non relevant indication are to be considered as relevant even after the surface of the material are grinded ,smoothened and still visible.

MAPPING AND RECORDS OF INDICATIONS

The defects which are identified to be relevant are to be marked using suitable markers for further repairs. the final results are recorder on MT inspection records which includes size and shape of the test material, type of magnetization ,equipment used to apply magnetic field, type of magnetic particle used and sketches indicating the coverage.

Monday, February 6, 2017

Techshore Inspection Services : Applications of Ultrasound testing methods.

Some of the applications for which ultrasonic testing may be employed include:

Flaw detection (cracks, inclusions, porosity, etc.)
Erosion & corrosion thickness gauging
Assessment of bond integrity in adhesively joined and brazed components
Estimation of void content in composites and plastics
Measurement of case hardening depth in steels
Estimation of grain size in metals

Real Life applications of Ultrasound Testing

Thickness Gauging:

Ultrasonic thickness gauging is routinely utilized in the petrochemical and utility industries to determine various degrees of corrosion/erosion.

Applications include piping systems, storage and containment facilities, and pressure vessels.

Flaw Detection - Delaminations

Contact, pulse-echo inspection for delaminations on 36” rolled beam.

Signal showing multiple back surface echoes in an unflawed area.

Additional echoes indicate delaminations in the member

Flaw Detection in Welds

One of the most widely used methods of inspecting weldments is ultrasonic inspection.

Full penetration groove welds lend themselves readily to angle beam shear wave examination.

References:

https://www.nde-ed.org/EducationResources/HighSchool/Sound/immersion.htm

http://www.asnt.org

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasonic_testing

Best Oil And Gas Institute In Kerala
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Kochi
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Kaloor
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Kollam
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Calicut
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Trivandrum
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Karnataka
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Mannar
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Kottayam
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Telangana
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Mumbai
Best Oil And Gas Institute In Bahrain
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Kerala
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Kochi
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Kaloor
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Kollam
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Calicut
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Trivandrum
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Karnataka
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Mannar
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Kottayam
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Telangana
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Mumbai
Best Qa/Qc Institute In Bahrain
Best Mep Institute In Kerala
Best Mep Institute In Kochi
Best Mep Institute In Kaloor
Best Mep Institute In Kollam
Best Mep Institute In Calicut
Best Mep Institute In Trivandrum
Best Mep Institute In Karnataka
Best Mep Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Mep Institute In Mannar
Best Mep Institute In Kottayam
Best Mep Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Mep Institute In Telangana
Best Mep Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Mep Institute In Mumbai
Best Mep Institute In Bahrain
Best Instrumentation Institute In Kerala
Best Instrumentation Institute In Kochi
Best Instrumentation Institute In Kaloor
Best Instrumentation Institute In Kollam
Best Instrumentation Institute In Calicut
Best Instrumentation Institute In Trivandrum
Best Instrumentation Institute In Karnataka
Best Instrumentation Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Instrumentation Institute In Mannar
Best Instrumentation Institute In Kottayam
Best Instrumentation Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Instrumentation Institute In Telangana
Best Instrumentation Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Instrumentation Institute In Mumbai
Best Instrumentation Institute In Bahrain
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Kerala
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Kochi
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Kaloor
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Kollam
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Calicut
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Trivandrum
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Karnataka
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Mannar
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Kottayam
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Telangana
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Mumbai
Best Fire And Safety Institute In Bahrain
Best Hvac Institute In Kerala
Best Hvac Institute In Kochi
Best Hvac Institute In Kaloor
Best Hvac Institute In Kollam
Best Hvac Institute In Calicut
Best Hvac Institute In Trivandrum
Best Hvac Institute In Karnataka
Best Hvac Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Hvac Institute In Mannar
Best Hvac Institute In Kottayam
Best Hvac Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Hvac Institute In Telangana
Best Hvac Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Hvac Institute In Mumbai
Best Hvac Institute In Bahrain
Best Logistics Institute In Kerala
Best Logistics Institute In Kochi
Best Logistics Institute In Kaloor
Best Logistics Institute In Kollam
Best Logistics Institute In Calicut
Best Logistics Institute In Trivandrum
Best Logistics Institute In Karnataka
Best Logistics Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Logistics Institute In Mannar
Best Logistics Institute In Kottayam
Best Logistics Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Logistics Institute In Telangana
Best Logistics Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Logistics Institute In Mumbai
Best Logistics Institute In Bahrain
Best Ndt Institute In Kerala
Best Ndt Institute In Kochi
Best Ndt Institute In Kaloor
Best Ndt Institute In Kollam
Best Ndt Institute In Calicut
Best Ndt Institute In Trivandrum
Best Ndt Institute In Karnataka
Best Ndt Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Ndt Institute In Mannar
Best Ndt Institute In Kottayam
Best Ndt Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Ndt Institute In Telangana
Best Ndt Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Ndt Institute In Mumbai
Best Ndt Institute In Bahrain
Best Automation Institute In Kerala
Best Automation Institute In Kochi
Best Automation Institute In Kaloor
Best Automation Institute In Kollam
Best Automation Institute In Calicut
Best Automation Institute In Trivandrum
Best Automation Institute In Karnataka
Best Automation Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Automation Institute In Mannar
Best Automation Institute In Kottayam
Best Automation Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Automation Institute In Telangana
Best Automation Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Automation Institute In Mumbai
Best Automation Institute In Bahrain
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Kerala
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Kochi
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Kaloor
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Kollam
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Calicut
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Trivandrum
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Karnataka
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Mannar
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Kottayam
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Telangana
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Mumbai
Best Concrete Ndt Institute In Bahrain
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Kerala
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Kochi
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Kaloor
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Kollam
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Calicut
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Trivandrum
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Karnataka
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Pathanamthitta
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Mannar
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Kottayam
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Perumbavoor
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Telangana
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Tamilnadu
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Mumbai
Best Electrical Qc Institute In Bahrain,

Techshore Inspection Services : Ultrasound Testing Techniques – Normal and Angle Beam

While straight beam techniques can be highly effective at finding laminar flaws, they are not effective when testing many common welds, where discontinuities are typically not oriented parallel to the surface of the part. The combination of weld geometry, the orientation of flaws, and the presence of the weld crown or bead require inspection from the side of the weld using a beam generated at an angle.
Angle beam testing is by far the most commonly used technique in ultrasonic flaw detection.

Angle beam probes consist of a transducer and a wedge, which may be separate parts or built into a single housing. They use the principle of refraction and mode conversion at a boundary to produce refracted shear or longitudinal waves in a test piece as shown below.

Most commonly used angle beam probes generate a refracted shear wave at standardized angles of 45, 60, or 70 degrees in the test material. The incident angle necessary to produce a desired refracted angle is based on material sound velocities and is calculated from Snell’s Law through the equation below.

In the typical case of a plastic or epoxy wedge coupled to steel, low incident angles will generate both longitudinal and shear wave beam components, and specialized longitudinal wave angle beam wedges do exist. However at commonly used inspection angles only a primary shear wave will be generated, since the L-wave solution to the equation would exceed 90 degrees, which is not possible.

In typical inspections the sound beam will travel at the generated angle down to the bottom of the test piece and then reflect upward at the same angle. Moving the probe back and forth causes the sound beam to sweep across the full height of a weld. This scanning motion enables inspection of the entire weld volume and detection of discontinuities both at the fusion lines and within the weld body.

As in the case of straight beam testing, in angle beam testing the operator looks for reflections corresponding to discontinuities. During initial setup the operator must note any echoes that originate from weld bead or other geometric structures. Additional echoes appearing within the zone representing the weld would correspond to a lack of fusion, cracking, porosity, or other discontinuities whose type, depth, and size can be determined through further analysis.

In the example below, the sound beam passes through a good weld without reflecting back, and no significant indications are seen on the screen. A discontinuity within the weld zone, however, causes a strong reflection with the zone of interest marked by the red gate.

Tuesday, January 24, 2017

Techshore Inspection Services : Ultrasonic Testing techniques

Ultrasonic testing is a very versatile inspection method, and inspections can be accomplished in a number of different ways.
Ultrasonic inspection techniques are commonly divided into three primary classifications.

ulse-echo and Through Transmission (Relates to whether reflected or transmitted energy is used)
In pulse-echo testing a transducer sends out a pulse of energy and the same or a second transducer listens for reflected energy, also known as an echo. Pulse echo is especially effective when only one side of a material is accessible.Through transmission is performed using two transducers on opposing sides of the specimen. One acts as a transmitter & the other as a receiver. Through transmission is useful detecting discontinuities that are not good reflectors & when signal strength is weak.
Normal Beam and Angle Beam (Relates to the angle that the sound energy enters the test article)
Normal beam testing uses a sound beam that is introduced at 90 degrees to the surface, while angle beam utilizes a beam that is introduced into the specimen at some angle other than 90 degrees. The choice between the two is made based on:

a). The orientation of the feature of interest so that the sound may produce the largest reflection from the feature
b). Obstructions on the surface of the specimen that must be avoided
Contact and Immersion (Relates to the method of coupling the transducer to the test article)
To get useful levels of sound energy into the material, the air between the transducer and the specimen must be removed. This is referred to as coupling. Two types of coupling are utlizied:

a). In contact testing, a couplant such as water, oil or a gel is applied between the transducer and the specimen
b). In immersion testing, the specimen and the transducer are placed in a water bath. This allows better movement of the transducer while maintaining consistent coupling