INTRODUCTION
1. Mud mixing hopper
This is the equipment used for mixing mud initially with desired density , physical and chemical properties for efficient drilling purpose.
2. Mud tank
The mixed mud is collected inside a rectangular metallic tank known as mud tank. it is opened at top . for maintaining homogeneity of the mixed mud and to suspend solid particles mud agitator is installed in mud tank. mud agitator is driven by a motor which is coupled to gear box assembly that rotates the impeller shaft, the impeller transform mechanical power to the mud stored in mud tank.
3. Mud pump
The mud from mud tank is sucked by 12” suction line and transferred to the mud pump. by the uniform motion of reciprocating piston inside the liner the mud get pressurized. it can pressurize up to 7500 psi down the drill string and back up the annulus. the pressure of the mud can be controlled in driller console by adjusting the spm of mud pump.
4. Vibratory hose or discharge line
We know that mud pump is placed at ground level, for lifting mud from ground level mud pump to floor level standpipe we are using vibratory hose. it is flexible and can withstand high temperature and pressure. it is called as vibratory hose because it tends to vibrate and shake due to the close proximity to mud pump.
5. Stand pipe
It is a rigid metallic pipe that run along the derrick, that extended upto the height of travelling block to facilitate the flow of drilling fluid. Its one end is connected to the vibratory hose and other end is connected to the kelly hose.
6. Rotary hose or kelly hose
Kelly hose is designed to withstand high pressure and temperature of the mud that connects stand pipe to the kelly. this hose is flexible so that the kelly can move freely up and down while drilling.
7. Swivel
It is a mechanical equipment which consist of an extended arm that act as an inlet for the mud to introduce to the drill string for drilling purpose.
8. Bell nipple
It is large diameter pipe positioned above the bop.it consist of an extended arm to connect flow line that helps for the drilling mud and formation fluid to flow back to mud separation system.
9. Flow line
It is also a large diameter pipe,whose one end is connected to bell nipple and other end is connected to shale shakers possem belly.it act as a return line to the mud tank.
10. Shale shaker
It is a highly vibrating device used to make return mud free from shales.it consist of large flat wire mesh sheet of various size.when this mud falls on wire mesh due to its vibratory action the shale particles get separated and shale free mud is collected in the tank below shale shaker.
11. De-gasser
This is used to remove any toxic gases from the return mud.the return mud consist of hydrogen sulphide,carbon dioxide,methane etc this we can realise if there is any bubbles in return mud,this is separated by passing the return mud through degasser,so that the membrane inside the degasser will trap this toxic chemicals.the gas free mud is stored in the tank placed below degasser.
12. Desander and desilter
This equipment is used for separating silt and sand particles from the mud by help of hydrocyclones and high vibrating mesh of desander and desilter.desander and desilter can be erected as a single equipment this is known as mud cleaner.always note that desilter should always installed after desander.
13. Desanding centrifuge
It is a solid control device that works on the principle of centrifugal action.by the centrifugal action the lighter particles which cannot be separated by other equipment get seperated.it also consist of a screw conveyor that throws out unwanted particles through the discharge line.thus finally we get mud with the desired property that we initially used.
No comments:
Post a Comment