Techshore Inspection Services : Types of Arches based on shapes

Types of Arches based on shapes

Arch is a curved masonry construction for straddling an opening, consisting of a number of wedges or sections like stones, bricks, or the like, set with then arrower side toward the opening in such a way that forces on the arch are spread as vertical or oblique stresses on either side of opening.    

Arches are generally classified based on;

1. Shape
2. Number of centers
3. Workmanship
4. Materials of construction;

Based on the shape of construction arches are classified into different types as listed below;

Flat arch

The flat arch, the intrados is speciously flat and it acts as a base of equilateral triangle which was designed by the horizontal angle of 600 degrees by skewbacks.

Segmental arch

This is the basic type of arch used for buildings in which center of arch lies below the springing line.

Semi – circular arch

The shape of arch curve looks like semi-circle and the thrust transferred to the abutment is perfectly vertical direction since skewback is horizontal. In this type of arch the center lies exactly on the springing line.

Horse shoe arch

Horse shoe arch is in the shape of horse shoe which curves more than semi-circle. This horse shoe arch is generally deliberated for architectural provisions.

Pointed arch

The pointed arch also has other name, called Gothic arch. In this type two arcs of circles are met at an apex hence triangle is formed. This may be shaped as isosceles or equilateral.

Venetian arch

Venetian arch is also pointed arch but its crown is deeper than springing’s. It contains four centers, all located on the springing line.

             

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